Medan city is one of the largest provincial capitals in Indonesia. Medan City is a metropolitan city that has a fairly large population and reaches 2 million inhabitants per the year 2015 [1]. The number of private vehicles and public transportation often triggers traffic jams on the highway during working hours. According to Kartika Ratnasari, Medan is the 6th most congested city in Indonesia. The length of traffic jams in Medan in a year reaches 42 hours with a percentage of 20%. The percentage of time drivers are stuck in traffic jams reaches 25% during working hours and 23% outside working hours [2].

Natural disasters such as earthquakes, landslides, strong winds, tsunamis, and so on can also disrupt the flow of highway traffic. In addition, events such as demonstrations, student brawls, going home on National holidays, road repairs, Covid-19 prevention checks, zebra operations, traffic light damage, traffic accidents, and so on can also cause long traffic jams and take up time for drivers. According to Rozie Winata, the number of traffic accidents in 2019 has increased in 2018. Throughout 2019 there were 6,100 cases, while previously in 2018 there were only 5,990 cases. In addition, Kapolda also said that material losses due to traffic accidents in 2019 decreased, which was only Rp. 12,625,000,000, while in 2018 it previously reached Rp. 13,696,830,000 [3].

Minister of Transportation Budi Karya Sumadi said that traffic jams in urban areas had a major impact on the Indonesian economy. One of them inhibits economic growth[4]. In 2016, SITRAMP (Study on Integrated Transportation Master Plan) also estimated that losses due to congestion could reach Rp 12.8 trillion per year[5]. Until now, the Medan City Government continues to strive to overcome road traffic congestion, one of which is by building toll roads and flyovers[6]. In this study, the researcher plans to conduct a literature review of the sentiment analysis algorithm and data mining algorithm to find alternative solutions for handling traffic jams in terms of the field of informatics engineering which will also involve social media [7][8]. Several theories will be analyzed and tested to help the government overcome road traffic congestion.

As for previous research related to this research, Arvian Zanuardi & Hitapriya Suprayitno researched by applying Knowledge Discovery to the database to analyze the characteristics of traffic accidents in Surabaya [9]. Zuhri Muhis and Wahju Herijanto conducted a study that focused on traffic management due to trams on the Surabaya highway with the theory of Traffic Demand Management [10]. Laif Satoinong et al conducted a study that focused on performance analysis and traffic management at the ITS Roundabout and the Mulyosari Roundabout in Surabaya using the MKJI theory [11]. Popy Purnamasari Wahid Suyitno et al conducted a study by detecting traffic congestion in Jakarta with the Data Mining C4.5 algorithm and offering solutions to overcome traffic congestion [12]. Putu Amelia Vennanda Widyaswari et al conducted a study on the classification of traffic congestion in the city of Malang using the Neighbor Weighted K-Nearest Neighbor method [13]. Siti Nurwahyuni ​​researched the form of sentiment analysis on the KRL Access Online Transportation Application using the Naïve Bayes method [14]. Myrna Ermawati and Joko Lianto Buliali conducted a study using a text-based approach to find out similar traffic incidents through social media Twitter[15].

This literature review study was conducted to determine whether sentiment analysis and data mining algorithms can prevent road traffic congestion through road traffic management. The literature review was conducted on three studies [13] [15] [16] by analyzing the algorithms and cases to be solved as can be seen in Table 1. below:

Tabel 1. Review Paper

The results of the literature review carried out by researchers can be in the form of comparative analysis of research results, research gaps, and the advantages and disadvantages of the three studies [13][15][16] that have been described in Table 1. The results of the literature review can be seen in Table 2 below:

Table 2

Comparative Analysis of Three Research on Sentiment Analysis and Data Mining

Table 3

Research Gap from Three Research on Sentiment Analysis and Data Mining

After determining the results from the three articles [13][15][16], their strengths and weaknesses were reviewed, as shown in Table 4.

Table 4

Strengths and Weaknesses from Three Research on Sentiment Analysis and Data Mining

After conducting a literature study on sentiment analysis and data mining algorithms in the three studies listed in Table 2, Table 3, and Table 4, the researcher has a further research plan to build a highway traffic management model, as detailed in Figure 1 below:

The literature study is an initial study to explore how sentiment analysis and data mining algorithms work, especially in traffic management, which will be useful for overcoming traffic congestion. After the researchers analyzed the three studies in Table 2, Table 3, and Table 4, it can be seen that the sentiment analysis method and data mining algorithm can be used to detect traffic congestion through social media. From the literature study, it can also be seen that the right data mining algorithm to use is K-Nearest Neighbor. For further research, researchers will build a traffic management model to avoid congestion, this is based on the results of literature studies on sentiment analysis methods and data mining algorithms.

REFERENCES

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